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#picaxe20x2
setfreq m64
#simspeed 0
'
' Calculates 32 bit data load for frequency on AD9850
' accurate to 0.01%
' 32-Bit (unsigned) maths on a PICAXE
' J.Leach 2006 , modified PM 26/10/2012
'
Symbol Procedure0StartAddress = 0
Eeprom 0,("+E*F*G/H=I")
'Word 0 (b0 and b1)
Symbol OperandLSW = w0
Symbol OperandLSWLSB = b0
Symbol OperandLSWMSB = b1
'Word 1 (b2 and b3)
Symbol T = w1
Symbol Temp2Word = w1
Symbol InstructionOperand = b2
'Word 2 (b4 and b5)
Symbol AccumulatorLSW = w2
Symbol AccumulatorLSWLSB = b4
Symbol AccumulatorLSWMSB = b5
'Word 3 (b6 and b7)
Symbol AccumulatorMSW = w3
'Word 4 (b8 and b9)
Symbol S = w4
Symbol Temp1Word = w4
'Word 5 (b10 and b11)
Symbol OperandMSW = w5
Symbol Address = b10
Symbol Address1 = b10
Symbol Address2 = b11
'Word 6 (b12 and b13)
Symbol InstructionCode = b12
Symbol Temp1Byte = b12
Symbol ProgramCounter = b13
Symbol Temp2Byte = b13
Symbol ErrorFlag = b13
Symbol Index = b13
'words 7-11
symbol E=w7
symbol F=w8
symbol G=w9
symbol H=w10
symbol I=w11
symbol Decade =w12
symbol byte0=0
symbol byte1=b4
symbol byte2=b5
symbol byte3=b6
symbol byte4=b7
symbol Crystalmult=10000
Symbol LCDOutPin = 6 'LCD used for alerting, but other methods can be used.
Symbol RTStartAddress = 80
Symbol RTEndAddress = 83
Symbol DenominatorLSBAddress = 84
Symbol DenominatorMSBAddress = 85
Symbol ErrorFlagAddress = 86
Symbol GPRStartAddress = 88
Symbol ProgramCounterAddress = 87
Symbol ERROR_Overflow = 0
Symbol ERROR_NegativeResult = 1
Symbol ERROR_DivideByZero = 2
Symbol RTStartLessb4Address = 76 '(80 - 4)
Symbol GPRStartAddressLessb0Address = 88 '(87 - 0)
Main:
Decade=100 'Multiply base frequency by this to get target frequency
'1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000 are valid values for the decade multiplier
E = 5000 ' base frequency set for 500Khz (5000 * 100)
'1-9999 are valid values for the base frequency
F = 42950 'approx 2^32/1000000
G = 8 'scale to use max precision for 125MHz crystal (1,000,000,000/125,000,000)
H = 10000/Decade 'scale the answer based on the decade selected
ProgramCounter = Procedure0StartAddress
Gosub ExecuteProcedure
'
'substitute serial or parallel chip load here based on hardware I/F selected
'
b0=byte4
gosub writehex
b0=byte3
gosub writehex
b0=byte2
gosub writehex
b0=byte1
gosub writehex
End
'*************************************************
'**** VIRTUAL ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT (ALU) ****
'*************************************************
Add:
Poke ErrorFlagAddress,ERROR_Overflow
'Add LSW
AccumulatorLSW = AccumulatorLSW + OperandLSW
If AccumulatorLSW >= OperandLSW Then Add_1
'Add Carry to MSW and jump to error routine if overflow
AccumulatorMSW = AccumulatorMSW + 1
If AccumulatorMSW = 0 Then CPU_Error
'Add MSW
Add_1:
AccumulatorMSW = AccumulatorMSW + OperandMSW
'Jump to error routine if overflow
If AccumulatorMSW < OperandMSW Then CPU_Error
Return
Subtract:
Poke ErrorFlagAddress,ERROR_NegativeResult
'Subtract LSW
Temp1Word = AccumulatorLSW
AccumulatorLSW = AccumulatorLSW - OperandLSW
If Temp1Word >= AccumulatorLSW Then Subtract_1
'Borrow from MSW and jump to error routine if this will make the overall result
'negative.
If AccumulatorMSW = 0 Then CPU_Error
AccumulatorMSW = AccumulatorMSW - 1
'Note: No need to Subtract MSW as only OperandLSW is being used
Subtract_1:
Goto Fetch
Multiply:
Poke ErrorFlagAddress,ERROR_Overflow
'Calculate the higher multiple and keep in Accumulator
Temp1Word = AccumulatorLSW
Temp2Word = AccumulatorMSW
AccumulatorLSW = 0
AccumulatorMSW = OperandLSW * Temp2Word
Temp2Word = OperandLSW ** Temp2Word
'Check for overflow
If Temp2Word > 0 Then CPU_Error
'Calculate the lower multiple and put in Operand
OperandMSW = Temp1Word ** OperandLSW
OperandLSW = Temp1Word * OperandLSW
'Add the multiples to get the final result
Gosub Add
Goto Fetch
Divide:
Poke ErrorFlagAddress,ERROR_DivideByZero
'Check for error
If OperandLSW = 0 Then CPU_Error
'Zero the Running Total
For Address = RTStartAddress To RTEndAddress
Poke Address,0
Next
'Calculate the quotient and remainder for 65535/OperandLSW
S = 65535 / OperandLSW
T = 65535 // OperandLSW
'Store the denominator
Poke DenominatorLSBAddress,OperandLSWLSB
Poke DenominatorMSBAddress,OperandLSWMSB
Divide_1:
'Calculate S * AccumulatorMSW in the Operand, and add to Running Total.
'Note: uses variables very carefully !
OperandLSW = AccumulatorMSW
Gosub SwapAccumulatorWithRT
OperandMSW = S ** OperandLSW
OperandLSW = S * OperandLSW
Gosub Add
'Update the running total
Gosub SwapAccumulatorWithRT
'Calculate the new Numerator
OperandMSW = 0
OperandLSW = AccumulatorLSW + AccumulatorMSW
If OperandLSW > AccumulatorMSW Then Divide_2
OperandMSW = 1
Divide_2:
AccumulatorLSW = AccumulatorMSW * T
AccumulatorMSW = AccumulatorMSW ** T
Gosub Add
'Check to see if the new numerator is a single word. Loop back if it isn't
If AccumulatorMSW > 0 Then Divide_1
Temp1Word = AccumulatorLSW
'Retrieve the running total
Gosub SwapAccumulatorWithRT
'Retrieve the denominator
Peek DenominatorLSBAddress,OperandLSWLSB
Peek DenominatorMSBAddress,OperandLSWMSB
'Calculate AccumulatorLSW/Demominator and store in Operand
OperandLSW = Temp1Word / OperandLSW
OperandMSW = 0
'and add to the Running total to give the final result
Gosub Add
Goto Fetch
SwapAccumulatorWithRT:
'Swaps the Accumulator value with the Running Total value
For Address1 = RTStartAddress To RTEndAddress
Address2 = Address1 - RTStartLessb4Address
Peek Address1,Temp1Byte
Peek Address2,Temp2Byte
Poke Address1,Temp2Byte
Poke Address2,Temp1Byte
Next
Return
StoreAccumulatorLSW:
Address = InstructionOperand - "E" * 2 +14
Poke Address,AccumulatorLSWLSB
Address = Address + 1
Poke Address,AccumulatorLSWMSB
Return
CPU_Error:
Peek ErrorFlagAddress,ErrorFlag
Sertxd("ERROR: ",#ErrorFlag," ")
End
ExecuteProcedure:
'ON ENTRY: ProgramCounter has been set to the start of the Procedure
'Save the Program Counter
Poke ProgramCounterAddress,ProgramCounter 'Save the ProgramCounter
'Load General Purpose registers with corresponding E to I4 values
For Address1 = 14 To 23
Address2 = Address1 + GPRStartAddress -14
Peek Address1,Temp1Byte
Poke Address2,Temp1Byte
Next
'Set the Accumulator to 0
AccumulatorMSW = 0
AccumulatorLSW = 0
Fetch:
'Fetch an Instruction code and operand from Program Memory
Peek ProgramCounterAddress,ProgramCounter 'Retrieve the ProgramCounter
Read ProgramCounter,InstructionCode
ProgramCounter = ProgramCounter + 1
Read ProgramCounter,InstructionOperand
ProgramCounter = ProgramCounter + 1
Poke ProgramCounterAddress,ProgramCounter 'Save the ProgramCounter
'Load the contents of the specified Register into OperandLSW
Address = InstructionOperand - "E" * 2 + GPRStartAddress
Peek Address,OperandLSWLSB
Address = Address + 1
Peek Address,OperandLSWMSB
OperandMSW = 0
Execute:
'Execute the loaded Instruction
Lookdown InstructionCode,("+","-","*","/","="),Index
Branch Index,(Instruction_Add,Subtract,Multiply,Divide,StoreAccumulatorLSW)
Instruction_Add:
Gosub Add
Goto Fetch
writehex:
b1=b0>>4
gosub hexit
sertxd (b1)
b1=b0 & $0F
gosub hexit
sertxd (b1,cr,lf)
return
hexit:
lookup b1,("0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","A","B","C","D","E","F"),b1
return